Introduction

NURS FPX 4060 Health Promotion Plan

Despite recent declines in prevalence, tobacco smoking remains at the top of leading avoidable causes of illness and early death across the world. Tobacco usage has various severe health consequences, both physically and emotionally. The main objective of the health promotion plan is to keep people fit and healthy by giving them the skills they need (education & resources). Programs are meant to assist communities in choosing healthy behaviors in order to minimize the risk of chronic illness. Health promotion, according to the World Health Organization, is “the procedure of planning and exercising conscious control, and improve, everyone’s health” (2019). The significance of constructing consented health goals in the collaboration with adolescents will be discussed in this paper, and also the health concerns of tobacco usages will be discussed.

Tobacco Use

Tobacco use differs by geographical and sociodemographic variables, but it is nevertheless common among young adults in the United States. The total prevalence rate of tobacco usage is 25.2 percent (1 in 4 individuals), with men having a greater prevalence and frequency than women. In the United States, cigarette smoking is projected to cause 443,000 fatalities each year, with roughly 49,400 deaths attributable to passive smoke exposure (King, 2012). Tobacco usage is one of the areas where Healthy People 2020 aims to make progress. “Reduce disease, disability, and mortality due to tobacco use and secondhand smoke susceptibility,” according to the Office of Disease Prevention & Health Promotion. Tobacco use is included as a subject of concern in Healthy People 2020 since it is the leading avoidable cause of disease and death (Healthy People 2020, 2020). More than 16 million People in the US, on average, suffer from at least one illness as a consequence of smoking (Healthy People 2020, 2020). In the United States, it is projected that 480,000 people die each year as a result of tobacco use. (Healthy People 2020, 2020).  Tobacco use is the greatest cause of avoidable illness, disability, morbidity and mortality, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). An estimated 34 million people smoke every day, around 1600 adolescents who have had their first cigarette before the age of 18 smoke every day, and about 200 adolescents smoke every day (2019).

NURS FPX 4060 Health Promotion Plan

To create awareness about smoking cessation as well as prevention, we first must realize why they choose to smoke. The chemical dependency developed from added substance nicotine causes the urge to smoke. According to Folan et al., nicotine addiction develops fast, even after only a few cigarettes. Nicotine reaches the brain in milliseconds, and chemicals produced improve a person’s mood while also improving concentration and awareness (2017, p. 7). People find it difficult to quit smoking because of the sensations and behaviors that nicotine causes. Electronic cigarettes have grown in popularity among teenagers after 2014, making it the most often used tobacco alternative (CDC, 2020). The goods are particularly appealing to teens because of flavorings in the e-cigarettes. As a consequence, the teenager develops a chemical reliance on nicotine, which increases the likelihood of the adolescent continuing to use tobacco products throughout adulthood. Tobacco use in teens and young adults can induce severe organ damage, chronic obstructive lung disease, cardio – vascular damage, development growth problems, and even oral, and lung cancer.

Health Promotion in Adolescent Population

Adolescent health inequalities are caused by a number of factors, including their surroundings, and the socioeconomic class. Youths are usually more likely to use tobacco if their parents do, and they are much more likely if they see their friends doing so. Adolescents who have a lower socioeconomic position, such as a lower income and education, are more prone to start smoking (CDC, 2020). Young people are more likely to start smoking before they turn 18 due to increasing tobacco company advertising & increased availability to tobacco products (Healthy People 2020, 2020). For the adolescent population, smoking is the major health problem. This group is prone to experimenting with cigarettes. According to the CDC, Twelve out of every hundred middle school children and 31 out of Hundred high school students use the tobacco products currently (2019). Social pressure, poor self-esteem, lack of parental engagement, poor income position, and the availability of tobacco products are all factors that may contribute to teenage tobacco use.

NURS FPX 4060 Health Promotion Plan

Social environment has a major effect on the desire to start and maintain smoking, as per Healthy People 2020. Education, ethnicity, skin color, sex, gender, disability, economic status, as well as geographic location all contribute to health discrepancies. All of these elements have an influence on a person’s capacity to reach optimal health. Healthy People 2020 aims to achieve health equity, close gaps, and promote the health of young Americans. Adolescents need to have access to medical promotion information and services. Nurses must assist promote awareness among this group and teach them about the dangers of nicotine as well as resources for quitting smoking.

Analyzing Best Strategies for Tobacco Cessation

Tobacco-related illness and premature mortality can be avoided by quitting smoking before the age of 30. (West, 2016). Tobacco cessation best practice populace methods have been identified. The ambulatory and acute care setting is an ideal location for identifying tobacco users and tailoring a tobacco cessation plan for them. Clinical pharmacists and licensed tobacco cessation practitioners work in tobacco cessation centers. This service offers a variety of options, including medicines; such as nicotine replacement methods and the bupropion, schooling about the risks of smoking as well as the benefits of cessation, a supportive organizational environment to aid in deciding to quit efforts, and assistance in identifying patients’ motivating factors to quit and educating them on behavioral and lifestyle changes that have been made to surmount cravings and boost success rates (Stack, 2007). The tobacco-cessation clinic comprises group and individual classes that follow the concepts and treatments outlined in the Treatment Guidelines of the Public Health Service. Lack of insurance and cost differences, on the other hand, might be a deterrent for individuals seeking care at clinics.

When combined with another intervention, exercise has been shown to help people quit smoking. A study group found considerably greater abstinence rates in physical activity vs sedentary individuals, according to Ussher, 2014. Furthermore, among the abstinent smokers, brief bouts of the exercise reduce cigarette cravings (Linke, 2013). Comorbidities or underlying health issues, on the other hand, may make certain forms of exercise impossible, so people should speak with their doctors first.

Health Goals

NURS FPX 4060 Health Promotion Plan

The nurse should establish objectives that are particular to patients and what the patient wants to accomplish while determining goals. This is critical for developing a patient-centered health promotion strategy. This helps the doctor to select what they want to happen in terms of their health in the future. To help in cigarette quitting, a group of the high school students who are active tobacco users will set health objectives. According to the CDC, over half of young cigarette smokers want to stop and more than half have attempted (2019). To aid with this, a SMART (specific, measurable, action-oriented, reasonable, timetable) objective was developed. The specific objective is to stop smoking in two months. They’ll keep a notebook to track their development. We will also have a cigarette cessation program that meets two times a week, chew gum/ the sweets whenever the temptation to smoke comes, avoid being around other users, and exercise for thirty minutes every day, according to an action-oriented plan. Everybody in the group will encourage and assist one another in quitting and maintaining their efforts toward this objective. The timeline benchmark is two months, but the group will continue to meet and adjust the plan accordingly to be successful in cessation. 

Problem: Young adults’ use of inhaled tobacco products

Goal: Through the utilization of the services and the treatments specified, the teenager community will be able to quit smoking.

Specific: Adolescents are at risk for a range of illnesses, including lung disease, heart disease, and addiction. These risk indicators point to a need for intervention, which may be acquired via community programs. The following are the interventions and decisions: the patient will engage in daily exercise, adhere to the prescription market as prescribed by the primary care provider, attend regular weekly cessation sessions, and actively implement recommendations and tactics found during group sessions.

Measurable: A community member will keep a diary of his daily activities to check if he is achieving tobacco abstinence each day.

Attainable: Patients have health insurance for potential pharmaceutical requirements, therefore cessation courses are free.

Realistic: The members of the community will make plans to avoid sickness by following the methods.

NURS FPX 4060 Health Promotion Plan

Time-Bound: The goal is for a community member to quit smoking in four months. They’ll keep checking in with their suppliers to ensure that they’re kept accountable. Setting an action-oriented objective requires first determining the context for nicotine usage.

This objective enables the patient to identify and create a goal for steps required to quit smoking. Visiting a support group or enrolling in a cigarette cessation program are examples of this objective, as are establishing better choices during trigger periods, like eating nutritious snacks, using toothpicks, or even exercising (Eugene-or.gov, 2020). As setting a fair objective, the patient should assemble a support group to help patients stay on track and aid when required. Once the person has formed this support network, the individual should inform them that they are quitting and state their requirements, such as weekly recap and words of encouragement. Following the creation of these goals, the patient should develop a timetable as a final aim. This objective should be in line with the specified objective. “I’m going to quit smoking in one month,” for example. To enhance the success of this health promotion plan, the patient must adjust the action plan as per need/requirement.

Conclusion

According to the CDC, 5.6 million people in America under the age of 18 will die prematurely from a smoking-related disease at the present rate. Regardless of education, color, race, sex, handicap, financial position, or geographic location, adolescents must have the access to appropriate resources. Health promotion can give knowledge, support smoking cessation, and avoid the onset of chronic illness in this group.

NURS FPX 4060 Health Promotion Plan

References

Centers for Disease Control. (2019). Smoking & Tobacco Use. Retrieved from

https://www.cdc.gov/data_statistics/fact_sheets/index.htm

Folan, P., Spatarella, A., Jacobsen, D., & Sockrider, M. (2017). Why Do I Smoke and Why Do I

Keep Smoking? American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 196,           7-8. Retrieved from https://www.thoracic.org/patients/patient-resources/resources/why-do-ismoke.pdf.

World Health Organization. (2019). What is Health Promotion. Retrieved from

https://www.who.int/healthpromotion/fact-sheet/en/

Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.). Healthy People 2020. Retrieved from

https://www.healthypeople.gov/202/topics-objectives/topic/tobacco-us

Eugene-Or.gov(2020). My SMART HEALTH ACTION PLAN G 1 – Eugene, Oregon. Retrieved

November 13, 2020, from       https://www.eugeneor.gov/DocumentCenter/View/13410/Smart- Action-Plan—Lower-Blood-Pressure?bidId= 

Healthy People 2020 (2020). Tobacco Use. Retrieved November 13, 2020, from

https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/tobacco-use

Wild, K., & McGrath, M. (2019). Public health and health promotion for nurses at a glance.

        Hoboken, NJ, USA: Wiley Backwell.

World Health Organization (WHO).(2019, February 07). What is Health Promotion. Retrieved

                  November 13, 2020, from https://www.who.int/healthpromotion/fact-sheet/en/