Proposal to Administration

Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) self-management consists of several actions and approaches. In a review carried out by Winkley et al. (2020), the self-management of Type 2 Diabetes refers to the activities and actions of healthcare professionals and nurses, and stakeholders to treat and control the condition. Since millions of US citizens have type 2 diabetes, patients must know how to monitor their health adequately. This presentation explores various aspects of diabetes self-management systems in healthcare organizations, such as testing blood sugar (glucose), using a balanced meal plan for patients, and helping them with regular exercise plans (Agarwal et al., 2019). This study describes how and why we are monitoring the outcomes of type 2 diabetes to improve care.

Why and How to Measure for a Specific Quality Outcome

Since more than 500 million people in the US have type 2 diabetes, measuring this specific outcome is vital for helping patients with diabetes to learn self-management skills through diabetes self-management education (Adam, 2018). For example, the DSMES program will provide educational and learning support to patients to control their disease. These learning outcomes aim to help community members gain more awareness of self-management skills and adopt positive self-management behaviors. Moreover, the Chronic Disease Management System CDMS is a vital program to help such people manage their lower blood sugar (glucose) levels and also reduce complications. These measures are vital for improving the life quality of patients and can also help hospitals reduce their healthcare costs (Agarwal et al., 2019). Moreover, outcome measures are vital standards that help to establish a patient baseline. 

NURS FPX 6414 Assessment 2 Video Presentation and Spreadsheet: Proposal to Administration

Benchmarks Associated with that Outcome

The benchmarks are related to type 2 diabetes state according to the American Diabetes Association, most people in the United States suffering from this disease have an acceptance rate of below 7% as a benchmark (van Smoorenburg et al., 2019). Moreover, more strong emphasis is placed on reducing patients’ weight by up to 15% based on the efficacy of drugs and medications (Apovian et al., 2018). Furthermore, the patient mortality rate is 5%, which is relatively high, and that is due to poor hospital care quality.

Evaluate Data Measures and Data Trending

There are a few data measures and trends which need to be considered for this evaluation of this specific line of service. For example, the following data measures are apparent from the evidence available such as:

• Early deaths of patients
• Shortened life spans of patients
• Regarding type 2 diabetes readmission in the US, the readmission rate is almost 25%
• The lower the education and awareness of the population, the higher the chances of the disease
• People who are highly educated are less likely to be diagnosed (Wu, 2019).
• The risk of type 2 diabetes in Hispanic and black Americans is higher than in others

Interpretation of the Data related to the Benchmarks

The incidence rate of Type 2 diabetes in many Western countries has constantly increased over the past four decades (Winkley et al., 2020). Sadly, this trend has not been reduced significantly in the current decade. In several middle-aged and baby boomers, the type 2 diabetes incidence rate has decreased in recent years. This implies that the younger population has developed a greater risk of catching this disease in the past ten years. 

Moreover, several measures are available for type 2 diabetes, such as the value of blood sugar levels less than 140 mg/dL (van Smoorenburg, 2019). If the level is higher than this level, it is abnormal or higher than usual. Moreover, if the reading is higher than 200 mg/dL, the rate between 140 and 200 shows more people are likely to suffer from diabetes. This raises the importance and the value of diabetes type 2 self-management programs and can reduce readmission rates.

NURS FPX 6414 Assessment 2 Video Presentation and Spreadsheet: Proposal to Administration

Data Spreadsheet

The World Health Organization reveals that diabetes mellitus represents a substantial global health challenge for healthcare professionals. Between the 1980s and 2015, the adult population suffering from this disease doubled from 4.7 to 8.5% (Agarwal et al., 2019). According to the American Diabetes Association ADA, the following statistics and type 2 diabetes figures and stats are crucial to consider in the datasheet. Diabetes has been the seventh most prominent cause of death in the USA since 2019, with almost 87,647 death certificates (Adam, 2018). The following datasheet shows facts for different races of Americans suffering from higher and lower rates of diabetes due to their education and racial preferences and issues. 

Conclusion

The above data analysis of type 2 diabetes self-management shows a deep relationship between individuals’ education levels and diabetes disease in the United States. Behavioral self-management is crucial for nurses and patients to reduce the prevalence of a higher rate of diabetes. The data evidence shows that many countries, including the US, have a diabetes diagnosis rate that is steady growth due to lower education of patients and racial differences. 

References 

Adam, L., O’Connor, C., & Garcia, A. C. (2018). Evaluating the impact of diabetes self-management education methods on knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviours of Adult Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 42(5), 470–477.e2.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.11.003

Agarwal, P., Mukerji, G., Desveaux, L., Ivers, N. M., Bhattacharyya, O., Hensel, J. M., Shaw, J., Bouck, Z., Jamieson, T., Onabajo, N., Cooper, M., Marani, H., Jeffs, L., & Bhatia, R. S. (2019). Mobile app for improved self-management of type 2 diabetes: Multicenter pragmatic randomized controlled trial. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 7(1), e10321. https://doi.org/10.2196/10321

NURS FPX 6414 Assessment 2 Video Presentation and Spreadsheet: Proposal to Administration

Apovian, C. M., Okemah, J., & O’Neil, P. M. (2018). Body weight considerations in the management of type 2 diabetes. Advances in Therapy, 36(1), 44–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-018-0824-8 

van Smoorenburg, A. N., Hertroijs, D. F. L., Dekkers, T., Elissen, A. M. J., & Melles, M. (2019). Patient’s perspective on self-management: type 2 diabetes in daily life. BMC health services research, 19(1), 605.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4384-7

Winkley, K., Upsher, R., Stahl, D., Pollard, D., Kasera, A., Brennan, A., Heller, S., & Ismail, K. (2020). Psychological interventions to improve self-management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 24(28), 1–232.
https://doi.org/10.3310/hta24280

Wu, F. L., Tai, H. C., & Sun, J. C. (2019). Self-management experience of middle-aged and older adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A qualitative study. Asian nursing research, 13(3), 209–215.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2019.06.002